Article

Factual Summary: Shipbuilder agreed to manufacture six vessels for Beneficiary. The contract required a performance standby letter of credit in favor of Beneficiary. Issuer issued a letter of credit for $5 million, payable on certification by an officer or authorized official of the Beneficiary that: an undisputed event of default occurred and is continuing, Shipbuilder has been notified in writing of the default, and all applicable cures and/or grace periods have expired.

When Shipbuilder was placed into involuntary bankruptcy, Beneficiary submitted the required certification of default and demanded payment for the full $5 million. The next day, Beneficiary sought a declaratory judgment in the Alabama Federal District Court that Issuer must honor Beneficiary's drawing. Shipbuilder then filed a complaint in Bankruptcy Court requesting declaratory judgment that the notice of default is void and an injunction to prevent Issuer from paying Beneficiary on the letter of credit and a temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction to prevent Beneficiary from seeking payment under the letter of credit. The Bankruptcy Court Judge dismissed the Shipbuilder's complaint and the District Court Judge affirmed.


Legal Analysis:

1. Independence

Shipbuilder argued that 11 U.S.C. §365(e)(1) invalidates the agreement because the letter of credit modifies the rights and obligations of a party in involuntary bankruptcy. 11 U.S.C. § 365(e)(1) can prevent ipso facto clauses from invalidating agreements of the debtor solely based on bankruptcy. However, the Judge noted that letters of credit are wholly independent of the underlying contract. Because letters of credit are not agreements "of the debtor", 11 U.S.C. § 365(e)(1) does not apply directly to the letter of credit.

If the underlying agreement required a change in the rights and obligations upon declaration of default, 11 U.S.C. §365(e)(1) may indirectly prevent Beneficiary from demanding payment on the letter or credit. However, Beneficiary is not prevented from declaring default because this underlying agreement does not require any termination, partial termination or any other change in the rights and obligations upon declaration of default.

2. Automatic Stay

Shipbuilder argued that the notice sent by Beneficiary to collect payment on the LC violated the automatic stay under 11 U.S.C. § 362(a)(6) and therefore was void and without effect. Therefore, the certification provide by Beneficiary with their request for payment would be invalid. However, because a LC is not property of the debtor's estate, the Judge found that the notice to Issuer was not in itself a violation of the stay.

[JEB/mdb]

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